What type of balance is referred to when both halves of a composition are identical?

The concept of symmetry in design refers to a balanced arrangement where both halves of a composition mirror each other in terms of shape, size, and arrangement. This creates a sense of harmony and order within the design, making it visually pleasing and easy to navigate. In symmetrical designs, elements on one side of the composition are identical or very similar to those on the other side, which not only helps in achieving balance but also reinforces visual stability.

Symmetry is often used in various fields of design, including architecture, graphic design, and product design, as it draws the viewer’s attention and creates a focal point. Symmetrical compositions can evoke feelings of tranquility and formality, making them a popular choice in many artistic and functional applications.

The other options do not pertain to this concept of balance. Dissonance refers to a lack of harmony created by contrasting elements. Contrast involves the difference between elements to create interest or emphasis but does not imply a balance. Variation suggests differences within a composition but not necessarily a harmonious balance. Hence, symmetry is the precise term for when both halves of a composition are identical.