What defines a model in engineering design?

In engineering design, a model is fundamentally a visual, mathematical, or three-dimensional representation of an object. This broad definition encapsulates various types of models, including physical prototypes, computer-aided design (CAD) drawings, mathematical equations, and simulations, all of which serve to convey and test the characteristics and functions of a design before it is physically realized.

Models play a crucial role in the engineering design process as they allow designers to visualize ideas, validate concepts, and communicate designs to stakeholders more effectively. They are essential tools for problem-solving and can help identify flaws in design early in the development process, ultimately leading to better and more efficient products.

The other options describe elements that do not capture the essence of what a model is in engineering. A vague idea lacks the specificity and detail needed for effective communication and analysis. A summary of project goals does not provide the tangible representation necessary for developing a design. Finally, an abstract concept without physical form does not represent the actualization of ideas that a model facilitates.